Ngo-3500 BC, abaseGibhithe lasendulo baqala ukusungula ingilazi.Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, emfuleni omude womlando, ingilazi izohlale ivela kokubili ukukhiqiza nobuchwepheshe noma ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.Ezikhathini zanamuhla, kuye kwavela imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yengilazi ewubukhazikhazi ngokulandelana, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ingilazi nayo ithuthuka njalo.
Ingilazi ivamise ukusetshenziswa embonini yocwaningo lwezokwelapha kanye nentuthuko ngenxa yokucaca kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokudlulisa ukukhanya okuhle, njengamashubhu okuhlola avamile, amaflask, nezitsha.Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukupakisha ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kwamakhemikhali aphezulu kanye nokungangeni kahle komoya.umuthi.Nakuba ingilazi isetshenziswa kabanzi, isidingo sokumaka ingilazi nokubhala amagama asuselwe kuyo siye sadonsa ukunaka kwabantu kancane kancane.
Ukuqoshwa okuvamile engilazini kuhlanganisa: indlela yokuqopha yokuhlobisa, okungukuthi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ejenti yamakhemikhali-ethant ukugqwala nokuqopha ingilazi, ukuqoshwa kommese okwenziwa ngesandla, ukuqoshwa okungokoqobo endaweni yengilazi ngommese oqoshiwe okhethekile, kanye nokuqoshwa komshini wokumaka nge-laser.
Kungani kunzima ukumaka ingilazi?
Njengoba sonke sazi, ingilazi inesici, okungukuthi, iwumkhiqizo obuthakathaka.Ngakho-ke, uma inqubo inzima ukubamba le degree ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwengilazi, ukucubungula okungalungile kuzobangela ukuthi impahla ikhishwe.Nakuba i-laser ingenza ukucubungula okuhle kwezinto ezihlukahlukene, kodwa uma i-laser ikhethiwe noma isetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele, isazobangela ukucubungula okunzima.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho i-laser yenzeka engilazini, ingxenye yokukhanya izobonakala phezulu, futhi enye ingxenye izodluliselwa ngokuqondile.Lapho imakwa nge-laser endaweni yengilazi, kudingeka ukuminyana kwamandla okuqinile, kodwa uma ukuminyana kwamandla kuphezulu kakhulu, kuzokwenzeka imifantu noma ukuchopha;futhi uma ukuminyana kwamandla kuphansi kakhulu, kuzobangela amachashazi ukuthi azike noma angakwazi ukuqoshwa ngokuqondile phezulu.Kuyabonakala ukuthi ngisho nokusebenzisa ama-lasers ukucubungula ingilazi kunzima.
Indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yokumaka ingilazi?
Ukuxazulula le nkinga, ukuhlaziya okuqondile kwezinkinga ezithile kuyadingeka.Ukumakwa kwendawo yengilazi kungahlukaniswa kube ukumaka endaweni engilazi egobile kanye nokumaka endaweni eyingilazi eyisicaba.
-Ukumaka ingilazi egobile
Izici ezinomthelela: Ukucutshungulwa kwengilazi egobile kuzothintwa indawo egobile.Amandla aphezulu e-laser, indlela yokuskena nesivinini se-galvanometer, indawo yokugcina lapho kugxilwe khona, ukujula okugxilwe kukho kwendawo kanye nebanga lesigcawu konke kuzothinta ukucutshungulwa kwengilazi egobile.
Ukusebenza okuqondile: Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokucubungula, uzothola ukuthi umphumela wokucubungula wengilazi umpofu kakhulu, noma awukho nhlobo umphumela.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukujula okugxilwe kukho kwendawo yokukhanya akujulile kakhulu.
I-M², usayizi wendawo, ilensi yenkundla, njll. izothinta ukujula kokugxila.Ngakho-ke, i-laser enekhwalithi enhle ye-boam kanye nobubanzi obuncane be-pulse kufanele kukhethwe.
-Ukumaka ingilazi eyisicaba
Izici ezinomthelela: amandla aphezulu, usayizi wokugcina wendawo egxilile, nesivinini se-galvanometer kuzothinta ngokuqondile ukucubungula okungaphezulu kwengilazi eyisicaba.
Ukusebenza okuqondile: Inkinga evame kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwayo ukuthi lapho ama-laser ajwayelekile esetshenziselwa ukumaka ingilazi eyisicaba, kungase kube nokushumeka engilazini.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amandla aphezulu aphansi kakhulu futhi ukuminyana kwamandla akugxilile ngokwanele.
Amandla aphezulu athintwa ububanzi beshayela kanye nemvamisa.Ukuncipha kobubanzi be-pulse, i-frequency yehla futhi ikhulisa amandla aphezulu.Ukuminyana kwamandla kuthintwa ikhwalithi ye-beam M2 kanye nosayizi wendawo.
Isifinyezo: Akunzima ukubona ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingilazi eyisicaba noma ingilazi egobile, ama-lasers anamandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye namapharamitha we-M2 kufanele akhethwe, angathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kokumaka ingilazi.
Iyiphi i-laser engcono kakhulu yokumaka ingilazi?
Ama-lasers e-Ultraviolet anezinzuzo zemvelo embonini yokucubungula ingilazi.Ubude bayo obufushane, ububanzi be-pulse obuncane, amandla agxilile, ukulungiswa okuphezulu, isivinini esisheshayo sokukhanya, kungabhubhisa ngokuqondile izibopho zamakhemikhali zezinto, ukuze kube okubandayo kucutshungulwe ngaphandle kokushisisa ngaphandle, futhi ngeke kube khona ukuguqulwa kwehluzo kanye amafonti amnyama ngemva kokucubungula.Inciphisa kakhulu ukubonakala kwemikhiqizo enesici ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi bokumaka ingilazi futhi igwema ukuchithwa kwezinsiza.
Umphumela oyinhloko wokumaka womshini wokumaka we-laser we-UV uwukugqabula ngokuqondile iketango lamangqamuzana ento nge-laser ye-wavelength emifushane (ehlukile ekuhwamukeni kwento engaphezulu ekhiqizwe i-laser yamagagasi amade ukuze kuvezwe into ejulile) ukuze kwembulwe. iphethini nombhalo okumele uqoshwe.Indawo okugxilwe kuyo incane ngokwedlulele, enganciphisa ukuwohloka komshini kwezinto ngokwezinga elikhulu futhi inethonya elincane lokucubungula ukushisa, elifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukuqoshwa kwengilazi.
Ngakho-ke, umshini wokumaka we-BEC UV we-laser uyithuluzi elifanele lokucubungula izinto ezithambile futhi uye wasetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokumaka ingilazi.Amaphethini ayo amakwe nge-laser, njll., angafinyelela izinga le-micron, elibaluleke kakhulu ekulweni nomkhiqizo womgunyathi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-03-2021
